Europe
Wine production began 4,000 years ago in Europe. Today the continent produces nearly 175 million hectolitres of wine every year and European Union member states account for nearly 2/3 of world wine output. France, Italy and Spain are the continent's leading producers. About 30% of Europe's wines are exported. Consolidation has led to a steady year-on-year decline in the number of commercially active wineries in the old world. Wine labeling in Europe is generally determined by the growing area. New EU regulations introduced in 2009 provide for a three tier classification with increasingly specific geographical provenance in the upper quality tiers. Increasingly, European wineries open their doors to visitors. They offer winery tours with the rich flavours of historical tradition.